_____ is the voluntary agreement by a patient to receive emergency medical treatment.

Consent is the voluntary agreement by a patient to receive emergency medical treatment. It is a fundamental principle in healthcare, as it ensures that patients have autonomy over their medical decisions and are informed about the procedures and interventions they will undergo. In an emergency medical response scenario, obtaining consent might involve explaining the situation briefly and discussing the necessity of the treatment.

While there are instances, especially in emergencies, where implied consent is assumed due to the nature of the medical situation (such as when a patient is unable to communicate), the general underlying principle remains that informed consent is required whenever possible. This consent can be verbal, written, or implied, depending on the circumstances.

The other options, such as abandonment, scope of practice, and liability, pertain to different legal and ethical aspects of medical practice but do not pertain directly to the patient's agreement to treatment. Abandonment refers to the improper termination of care, scope of practice defines the actions that an emergency medical responder is trained and authorized to perform, and liability deals with legal responsibilities. These concepts are important in their own rights but do not define the patient’s agreement to receive treatment.